Foundation problems aren’t always entirely avoidable, but the most efficient way to keep foundation repairs and their costs to a minimum is to identify the issues quickly before they get worse. The below signs can indicate even small foundation problems, leading to more significant ones if left untreated.
Floor or Vertical Wall Cracks in Your Foundation
Cracks routinely form in your concrete block wall and slab, usually due to settling during the concrete’s drying process. Small fissures in your basement floor or vertically oriented gaps in your foundation wall often aren’t a major cause for concern.
They don’t usually indicate structural damage, but a foundation repair company should seal them to keep the above-average rainfall in North Carolina out of your home. If they grow to more than ⅛” wide, they can be signs of structural issues and should be inspected by a professional.
Horizontal or Stair-Step Cracks
The expansive soil that is so common in Charlotte can create much more severe problems for your concrete. If hydrostatic pressure builds up too much after rainfall, the stress placed on your foundation wall from the water-logged clay can cause a rift in your foundation wall.
This often appears as a horizontal crack that is visible from inside your basement or crawlspace.
Horizontal cracks usually require structural repair and should be addressed by a foundation repair expert immediately.
As their name suggests, stair-step cracks form in a step formation and also typically indicate structural damage. This type of problem often occurs when Charlotte’s expansive soil expands with water and then shrinks away from your foundation as it dries, leaving a portion of your concrete unsupported. The added stress can lead to sections of your foundation sinking, causing a step-shaped rift in your concrete block wall.
Stair-step cracks are also common in the multi-level foundations that are prevalent in North Carolina, as differential settling of the different supportive soils is a culprit of sinking foundations.
Wet Basement or Elevated Moisture
The above-average rainfall and the expansive soil is a threat in Charlotte, even if they don’t cause structural damage. Hydrostatic pressure around your home will force runoff through your concrete over time.
Foundation cracks are an easy entrance point for liquid water, which is partially why it’s so important to have them sealed by a general contractor. However, the pressure from the expansive soil can force water directly through the porous concrete, which then evaporates into the space under your home.
Water build-up or moist air under your home are good indications that you have an issue with hydrostatic pressure pushing water into your basement or crawlspace.

Efflorescence
Efflorescence is a white, powdery substance that forms on the interior of your foundation wall. It often appears in the shape of water stains because it’s really minerals that get left behind on your concrete when water seeps in and evaporates.
Efflorescence is caused by problems with hydrostatic pressure, which are very common in Charlotte due to the rainfall and unique soil composition. If left untreated, the issue can lead to degradation of your foundation walls over time, including chipping, crumbling, and cracking if the water trapped in your concrete freezes inside.
Mold Growth
Since mold grows readily in moist conditions, the runoff that comes into your basement and increases humidity under your home can make your basement or crawlspace a breeding ground for spores. Charlotte homes that suffer from hydrostatic pressure due to expansive soil, heavy rainfall, and already high humidity often experience mold growth under their homes as a result.
Mold spores are often visible, but you may notice a musty odor if you have a finished basement and can’t see behind your walls.
Poor Indoor Air Quality
Lastly, poor indoor air quality can be a good indication of foundation damage. In a process referred to as the stack effect, air from under your home readily seeps into your living space above.
Since the high humidity that is common in Charlotte basements and crawlspaces can make the air feel colder or warmer, many homeowners experience uncomfortably cold homes in the winter and excessive heat in the summer. Moisture under your home can lead to higher utility bills, as heating and air conditioning equipment is used to manage the extreme temperatures that are made even worse by under-home moisture.
Additionally, mold spores from your basement or crawlspace can make their way into your living space. Mold regularly causes allergic reactions, including itchy eyes, sneezing, and respiratory distress. These symptoms could indicate foundation problems that have led to mold growth.